禅宗自然观谫论

On Chinese Chan School's View on Nature

中国禅宗自然观具有以下四方面的理论内涵:第一,性即自然。中国禅宗把其最核心的理论范畴"性"等同于"自然",高扬人性的自然与自由,反对一切外在雕饰、权威与束缚。第二,山水皆真如。禅宗主张山水皆真如,触目皆菩提,强调在对自然的直觉观照之中契悟宇宙实相。第三,生命的自然境界。禅宗主张人与自然打成一片,追求一种自然适意的生命情调。最后,自然悟道。在修行实践上,禅宗的自然观表现为对无修无证、自然悟道修行方式的提倡。禅宗自然观对中国古代美学、艺术产生了重要影响。

The view of Chinese Chan School on nature embodies many theoretical intensions. First, buddhata is nature. Chinese Chan praises nature and freedom, and opposes authority, hypocrisy and trammel. Second, natural scenery shows buddhata. Chan emphasizes that it is in the intuitional sight for nature that people awake to the truth of universe. Third, the natural state of life. Chinese Chan advocates that person and nature should mix together, and pursue a natural and agreeable life. Final, natural enlightenment. Chinese Chan opposes the way of traditional practicing Buddhism, and advocates of the natural one. The view of Chinese Chan School on nature has exerted a significant influence on the ancient Chinese aesthetics idea.