研发产业演化动力、发展障碍及路径探究

Research on Impetus , Obstacle and Route of R&D Industry Evolution

经济组织发展的新趋势是企业业务链上链节的市场化及产业化。企业研发经历了规模经济、分工经济以及模块化经济3个阶段,从发明家的偶然作为到成为企业的心脏,最终演化成市场的一种产品或服务。研发产业演化是一个企业内部化而后逐步外部化的过程。研发产业面临进入门槛高与信息不对称风险等发展障碍,而科学技术及社会进步能不断弱化研发产业发展障碍,使研发产业逐步走向成熟。

Business on the enterprise＇ business chain is pressed ahead with marketization and industrialization, which is a new trend of the development of economic organization. Enterprise research and development undergo three phases-econo- my of scale, economy of division and modular economy. R＆D starts from a chance event, then becomes the core part of an enterprise and eventually develops into a kind of product or service on the market. R＆D industry evolution is a process that R＆D displays enterprise internalization and then gradually externalization. The development of RInD Industry en- counters some obstacles like a high threshold for entering market and int：ormation asymmetry, the development of science and technology will gradually shortening obstacles, R＆D industry is becoming mature.