多元统计分析等方法在o2玉米自交系性状选育上的应用

Application of Multivariate Analysis to Trait Selection in Inbreed Lines of opaque-2 Maize

为了综合研究多个农艺性状对o2玉米自交系产量的影响,用主成分分析、逐步回归分析和遗传相关分析等方法对13个o2玉米自交系的16个数量性状进行研究。结果表明:穗行数、千粒重、穗位高、轴粗、穗上叶长等性状的遗传分量贡献较大,粒长、穗位高、穗上叶长、果穗重等性状的基因型值对总遗传变异的作用较大;根据性状间的相关性,对粒长、穗长、穗行数、穗粗、穗位高和穗上叶长等性状的选择,粒长、穗位高、穗上叶长、果穗重选择效果相对较好,有利于获得多样化类型自交系;对粒长和穗长性状的选育,主要是对自交系果穗性状和产量的培育。因此,在o2玉米自交系选育中,要注意粒长、穗长、穗行数、穗粗、穗位高、穗上叶长等性状的选育,而且粒长的选育比千粒重更为重要。

In order to comprehensively study effect of multiple agronomic characters on yield of inbred line in opaque-2（o2） maize,16 quantitative traits of 13 o2 inbred lines were studied by using analyses of principal component,stepwise regression and genetic correlation.The results showed that the traits of ear rows,thousand kernel weight,ear height,ear diameter and leaf length over ear had larger contribution to the genetic component;the genotypic values of kernel length,ear height,leaf length over ear and ear weight had larger effect on the total genetic variation;based on the correlation among characters,selections of kernel length,ear length,ear rows,ear diameter,ear height and leaf length over ear displayed relatively well effect,and were conducive to gain diverse o2 lines;and breeding of kernel length and ear length were mainly to improve ear characters and grain yield of inbred lines.Therefore,character selection should emphasize on the kernel length,ear length,ear rows,ear diameter,ear height and leaf length over ear and the selection of kernel length is more important than that of 1000-kernel weight in inbred breeding of o2maize.