河型及河流时空自塑模型研究

Study on River Patterns and River Spatial and Temporal Natural Shaping Model

介绍了国内外在河型成因及相互转化判别指标方面的研究现状、常见的研究手段以及河流时空自塑模型试验研究方法的设计思路和特点,然后分析了河流时空自塑模型模拟河流自然发育的效果。结果表明:河流时空自塑模型可以很好地模拟冲积平原形成过程中河型的自然发展规律;在不同的水沙条件下,河流自然发育情况及周期性调整规律基本相同;河流时空自塑模型结合了河流自然模型以及微尺度模型的优势,通过模型试验不仅可以进一步深化认识黄河下游冲积性平原的形成与发展,而且可为未来水沙条件大幅变化后黄河下游不同河段河型可能发生的调整趋势提供参考。

This paper introduced domestic and international research statuses on river patterns formation causes and mutual transformation discriminant indexes,common research methods and the design ideas and features of the experimental study on river spatial and temporal natural shaping model;then analyzed the effects of using this model to simulate river natural development.The results show that： the river spatial and temporal natural shaping model can simulate the river patterns natural development laws in the process of alluvial plain forming;under different water and sediment conditions,river natural development is basically the same as its cyclical adjustment rules;combining with the advantages of river natural model and the microscale model,the experimental study on river spatial and temporal natural shaping model can not only further deepen the understanding for the formation and development of the alluvial plain in the lower Yellow River,but also provide the references of the possible river patterns adjustment trends of different river reaches under water and sediment conditions changing significantly in the future.