逻辑的历史与现实的历史——波普尔与库恩科学观之比较

Logical history and reality history——comparative analysis of Popper and Kuhn scientific view

关于科学知识的增长,波普尔从静态的论证逻辑扩展到动态的发现逻辑之内,但把它限制在逻辑的范围之内,他的科学发展图式是一个纯粹逻辑的抽象形态,是科学发展的理性模型,这是抽象了一切人类感情的理性的自我展开,是一个波普尔自称没有认识主体的认识过程。库恩的历史学派在对科学史的深入介入后,从范式和不可通约性等核心概念出发,在把科学分为常规科学和革命科学的阶段性基础上,刻画并描述了科学发展的真实历史性过程,还科学真实面目,以现实的历史代替抽象的逻辑的历史。

About the scientific knowledge growth, Popper expands from static demonstration logic to dynamic discovery logic, but confines it within logic range. His science development schema is a pure and logic abstract shape. Which is a rational model of science development. This is an abstract self-expansion of reason of emotion for human beings, and Popper claims it＇s a process of cognition without subject. Kuhn＇s historical school proceeds from normal form and incommensurability key concept after getting involved thoroughly with history of science. Based on division of regular science and revolution science, it portrays and describes the true historical course of science development, returns the true appearance of science, logic history that is abstract is substituted by realistic history.