不同施肥模式对硬头黄竹生长特征的影响

Effects of different fertilization modes on growth characteristics of Bambusa rigida

应用正交实验方法,研究了肥料配比、施肥量和施肥方法对硬头黄竹生长的影响。结果表明:3个因素对硬头黄竹新竹数量、新竹生物量、繁殖率有显著或者极显著影响(p<0.05),对新竹平均胸径的影响未达到显著水平(p>0.05);新竹生物量影响因素的排列顺序为施肥量>施肥方式>肥料配比,新竹数量、繁殖率影响因素的排列顺序为施肥方式>施肥量>肥料配比;获得最大生物量的施肥模式为:肥料配比(N∶P∶K)为5∶2∶1、施肥量为0.9 kg.丛-1、施肥方法为环施;获得最多新竹数量和最佳繁殖率的施肥模式为:肥料配比(N∶P∶K)为5∶2∶1、施肥量为1.2 kg.丛-1、施肥方式为撒施(覆盖土和枯落物)。试验得到的施肥模式为指导硬头黄竹实现科学的土壤营养管理提供了参考。未考虑不同养分元素之间的相互影响,养分元素之间的协同或拮抗作用需要进一步研究。

The growth characteristics of Bambusa rigida with different fertilization mode was studied with orthogonal experiment method.The results show that there were significant differences or great significant differences among the new bamboo numbers,reproduction rate,biomass of new bamboo and the fertilization factors.The effects of the three factors to mean DBH of new bamboo did not reach significant level.The order of the three factors affecting to the new bamboo biomass was： fertilizer amount fertilizing method fertilizer ratio;that to the new bamboo numbers and ratio reproductive both were： fertilizing method fertilizer amount fertilizer ratio.The best fertilization mode for obtaining maximum biomass was： the fertilizer ratio（N ︰ P ︰ K） being 5 ︰ 2 ︰ 1,the fertilizer amount being 0.9 kg per clump,and the fertilizing method being circling fertilization.The best fertilization mode for getting maximum new bamboo numbers and the reproduction rate was： the fertilizer ratio（N ︰ P ︰ K） being 5 ︰ 2 ︰ 1,the fertilizer amount being 1.2 kg per clump,and the fertilizing method being broadcastdistribution（covered soils and litters）.The fertilization modes by the tests provided an important reference guide for the soil nutrition management of B.rigida.The synergistic or antagonistic effects between nutrient elements needed the further study because the study did not take accounted for the effects among different nutrient elements.