贵州黔东南主要森林类型碳储量研究

Study on carbon storage of main forest types in southeast part of Guizhou province

通过样地实测生物量和采用重铬酸钾法测定植物地上部分各器官含碳率,对贵州黔东南主要森林类型碳储量进行了研究。结果表明:黔东南5种主要森林类型的碳储量介于334.32～566.79 t.hm-2之间,且马尾松纯林(566.79 t.hm-2)>杉木纯林(403.74 t.hm-2)>落叶阔叶林(374.07 t.hm-2)>常绿阔叶林(352.35t.hm-2)>针阔混交林(334.32 t.hm-2);同类森林生态系统中土壤层的碳储量最高,介于286.66～481.49 t.hm-2之间;乔木层次之(15.23～74.58 t.hm-2),枯落物层再次,林下灌木及草本层碳储量最小;乔木层的碳储量以马尾松纯林最大(74.58 t.hm-2),以杉木纯林最小(15.23 t.hm-2);林下灌木及草本层与枯落物层碳储量相对较小且相差不大;中幼林年均固碳能力表现为针阔混交林>马尾松纯林>落叶阔叶林>杉木纯林>常绿阔叶林;不同类型林分土壤含碳率随土层深度的增加呈逐步下降的趋势,其中表层土的含碳率呈现为马尾松纯林>针阔混交林>常绿阔叶林>落叶阔叶林>杉木纯林。土壤层和乔木层是黔东南整个森林生态系统中最大的碳库。

The carbon storages of the main forest types in southeast of Guizhou province were investigated based on the biomass data collected from field surveys and the carbon contents of each tree organ with potassium dichromate method.The results show that the carbon storages of main forest types were from 334.32 to 566.79 t.hm-2,and the contents from the maximum to minimum was： Pinus massoniana plantation（566.79 t.hm-2）,Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation（403.74 t.hm-2）,deciduous broad-leaved forest（374.07 t.hm-2）,evergreen broad-leaved forest（352.35 t.hm-2）,coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest（34.32 t.hm-2）;in the similar forest ecosystems,the carbon storages in soil layer was the largest,with the value from 286.66 to 481.49 t.hm-2,the next was the canopy,being 15.23 ～ 74.58 t.hm-2,the third was the litter layer,while the shrubs layer and herbaceous layer were the minimum;The carbon storage in arborous layer of P.massoniana plantation was the biggest（74.58 t.hm-2）,that in C.lanceolata plantation was the least（15.23 t.hm-2）;the carbon storages differences among in layer of litter,shrubs and herbaceous were relatively small and not that far away;the average annual carbon sequestration of young and half-mature forests ranked by magnitude： coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest P.massoniana plantation deciduous broad-leaved forest C.lanceolata plantation evergreen broad-leaved forest;the average annual carbon sequestration in different forest types gradually declined with the increment of the soil thickness.The carbon content rates in top soil showed that： P.massoniana plantationsconiferous and broad-leaved mixed forestevergreen broad-leaved forestdeciduous broad-leaved forestC.lanceolata plantations.The soil layer and canopy layer were the largest carbon pool in the whole forest ecosystem in the southeast of Guizhou province.