人际知觉中的人际拒绝及其反应

Interpersonal Rejection and Its Reaction in Interpersonal Perception

和谐人际关系是和谐社会的重要组成部分,构建和谐人际关系的基础是增进人际知觉的准确性。本文阐述了三个不同水平的人际知觉,即个体水平、两者之间和社交网络中的人际知觉,及不同水平人际知觉下的偏差效应,在此基础上着重探讨人际拒绝及其反应,以及人际拒绝的理论——多重动机模型,并详述个体面对人际拒绝事件所产生的三种动机。未来研究中,研究者应注重在复杂真实的环境下探索人际知觉及人际拒绝,并采用FMRI、ERP等认知神经科学技术揭示其加工机制。

As an important aspact of harmonious soci- ety, harmonious interpersonal relationship is based onthe accuracy of interpersonal perception. This article describes three levels of interpersonal perception： the individual perceiver, the interacting dyad and the so- cial network. Furthermore, this article focuses on in- terpersonal rejection and the reactions from both emo- tion and behavior perspective. A multimotive model that provides a framework for understanding people＇ s reactions to interpersonal rejection is elaborated. Peo- ple＇ s reactions are influenced by six kinds of con- struals of the rejection experience that predict 3 dis- tinct motives for prosocial, antisocial, and socially avoidant behavioral responses. Future studies need to emphasize to exlpore interpersonal perception and re- jection in the background of complex real-life, espe cially under the cultural background of our country, and explore cognitive mechanism with Event-Related Potentials （ERPs）, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging （fMRI） and other neuroimaging techniques.