奥曲肽对糖尿病大鼠胰岛形态及α、β细胞数量的影响

Effects of octreotide on the pathological morphology of pancreatic islet and the numbers of α,β cells in diabetic rats

目的探讨奥曲肽治疗糖尿病的可行性。方法将32只糖尿病模型大鼠随机分为模型组、奥曲肽组、胰岛素组和联合组各8只,另取8只正常大鼠作为正常组。奥曲肽组、胰岛素组及联合组分别皮下注射奥曲肽、甘精胰岛素及奥曲肽+甘精胰岛素治疗;模型组及正常组皮下注射等量生理盐水。干预4周后处死大鼠,取胰腺组织HE染色观察胰腺内胰岛数量与大体形态,采用免疫组化的方法观察单个胰岛中主要内分泌细胞(α、β细胞)数量以及分布。结果与模型组比较,奥曲肽组、胰岛素组和联合组胰腺中胰岛数量较多,形态较规则,边缘较整齐,尤以奥曲肽组和联合组明显;但四组均明显少于正常组。单个胰岛中β细胞数量正常组>联合组>奥曲肽组>胰岛素组>模型组,P均<0.05。奥曲肽组、胰岛素组和联合组单个胰岛α细胞数量均明显高于模型组,P均<0.05;但均少于正常组,P均<0.05。α、β细胞数量比值正常组与联合组比较、联合组与奥曲肽组组比较,模型组与胰岛素组比较,P均>0.05,其余各组间比较P均<0.05。结论奥曲肽可以提高单个胰岛内α、β细胞数量,降低α、β细胞数量比值,减轻STZ导致的糖尿病大鼠胰岛的病理损害。

Objective To explore the feasibility of octreotide in treating diabetes. Methods A total of 32 model rats were randomly divided into four groups, 8 rats each： model group, octreotide group, insulin group and combination group. Another 8 normal rats were taken as the normal group. The octreotide group, insulin group and combination group received subcutaneous injections of octreotide, insulin glargine, and octreotide and insulin glargine separately. The model group and normal group received an injection of same account of saline. The rats were executed after intervention for 4 weeks. The pancreatic tissues were taken out and HE stained, then the quantities and general forms of islets in the pancreas were observed, and we also could observe the numbers and distribution of the major endocrine cells （including α,β cells） in single islet by using immunohistochemical method. Results Compared with the model group, greater numbers of islets, more regular forms and more tidy edges in rats pancreas were observed in the octreotide group, insulin group and combination group, especially in the octreotide group and combination group. But the four groups were significantly less than normal group. The β cells numbers in single islet in the normal group, combination group, octreotide group, insulin group and modal group decreased successively （ all P 〈 0. 05）. The α cells numbers in single islet in the octreotide group, insulin group and combination group were more than those in the model group, each P 〈 0.05. But they were all fewer than those in normal group, P 〈 0. 05. The difference of the ratio of α cells numbers and β cells numbers between each group was statistically significant, except between the normal group and the combination group, between the combination group and the octreotide group and between the model group and the insulin group. Conclusions Octreotide can improve the numbers of α, cells in single islet, lessen the ratios of α cells and β cells and alleviate islet pathological lesion in diabetic rats induced by STZ.