机械压力机工作机构合理性探讨

Discussion of the rationality of working mechanism of mechanical presses

以公称压力800kN、滑块行程130mm、滑块公称压力行程5mm、滑块行程次数75min-1的机械压力机为应用研究背景,设计了常见的三角形连杆、上连式三角形上肘杆、下连式三角形上肘杆共三种类型的三角肘杆式压力机工作机构,分别建立其运动学与动力学的模型,并以滑块行程为130mm作为约束条件,以滑块在5mm公称压力行程内的最大速度最小化作为优化目标,通过计算机优化分别确定出了该三种类型的工作机构的结构尺寸。进一步建立了该三种类型机构的三维结构模型,然后分析对比这三种不同类型机构的速度、加速度、曲柄扭矩、机架水平合力波动范围及机架竖直方向波动范围等参数。分析结果表明,这三种类型中的三角形连杆式工作机构的综合性能较为理想。

Based on the application of mechanical presses with 800kN nominal pressure, 130mm slide stroke, 5mm slide block nominal pressure stroke and 75/rain slide stroke frequency, this article designs three common working mechanism of toggle presses, include triangle rod, up-connected triangle toggle rod and down-connected triangle toggle rod, builds the kinematics models and kinetics models respectively. Then the models try to achieve minimum their max slide velocity in their 5ram slide block nominal pressure stroke respectively with 130mm slide stroke as constraints, and get their structure size through the optimization design of computer. And then the paper builds up their 3D models, analyzes and compares their different parameters include the slide velocity, slide acceleration, crank torque, range of horizontal resultant force and vertical resuhant force. The analysis results show that the triangle rod toggle mechanical presses have a more satisfactory performance during these three types.