心理护理对支气管哮喘患者分娩期哮喘急性发作的预防作用

The Preventive Effect of Psychological Nursing for Acute Asthma Attacks of Bronchial Asthma Patients in the Stage of Labour

目的:探讨心理护理对支气管哮喘患者分娩期哮喘急性发作的预防作用。方法:对2011年10月-2013年1月在笔者所在医院妇产科住院的分娩期支气管哮喘患者70例,采用随机抽样方法平均分成心理护理组和对照组,其中对照组进行产科分娩常规护理,心理护理组在产科分娩常规护理的基础上加强心理护理,利用状态焦虑量表(SAI)和多功能心电监护仪,评测患者分娩期第一产程的焦虑程度及记录其血压、心率、血氧饱和度的变化,并观察患者分娩期哮喘急性发作的情况。结果:心理护理组患者的焦虑程度明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);心理护理组患者的血压、心率、血氧饱和度的变化低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);心理护理组患者分娩期哮喘急性发作的例数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.029)。结论:对分娩期支气管哮喘患者加强心理护理,能显著缓解其焦虑情绪,稳定患者的血压、心率及血氧饱和度,有效地预防与控制支气管哮喘患者分娩期哮喘的急性发作。

Objective： To explore the preventive effect of psychological nursing for acute asthma attacks of bronchial asthma patients in the stage of labour. Methods： 70 bronchial asthma patients in the stage of labour in our hospital from October 2011 to January 2013 were randomly divided into psychological nursing group and control group.The nursing methods of control group were routine obstetrical nursing.Excepting routine obstetrical nursing, psychological nursing group also enhanced the psychological nursing.By using SA1 and multifunctional ECG monitor, to evaluate the anxiety levels of patients, in the meantime, recorde the changes of their blood pressures, heart rates and oxyhemoglobin saturations.Furthermore, to observe the numbers of patients with acute asthma attacks between psychological nursing group and control group.Results： Anxiety levels of psychological nursing group were significantly lower than control group, and the difference was statistical significant（P〈0.01）, at the same time, the changes of blood pressure, heart rate and oxyhemoglobin saturation in psychological nursing group were significantly lower than control group（P〈0.O5）.Also, the numbers of patients with acute asthma attacks in psychological nursing group were significantly lower than control group （P=0.029）.Conclusion： Enhancing psychological nursing for bronchial asthma patients in the stage of labour can reduce their anxiety levels, and play a significant role in maintaining blood pressure, heart rate and oxyhemoglobin saturation steadily, which will be good to prevent the acute asthma attacks of bronchial asthma patients in the stage of labour.