重症烧伤患者营养支持治疗及护理的研究

Study on the Nutritional Support Therapy and Nursing to Severely Burned Patients

目的:探讨重症烧伤患者肠外和肠内营养支持治疗及护理的效果。方法:选择62例大面积烧伤患者,并随机分为对照组和试验组各31例。在经肠道进食普通食品营养支持的基础上,对照组通过中心静脉置管进行营养支持治疗和护理,试验组通过鼻饲或口服营养液进行营养支持治疗和护理。观察两组患者治疗后患者创面愈合时间,两组治疗第10、20和30天的体质指数变化、血清白蛋白水平。结果:试验组患者治疗后第10、20和30天体质指数明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。试验组患者治疗后第10、20和30天血清白蛋白明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。试验组创面愈合时间明显少于对照组(P=0.013)。结论:重症烧伤患者肠内营养支持治疗效果优于肠外营养支持治疗,应以肠内营养为主,必要时联合应用肠外营养。

Objective： To investigate the application effect of early parenteral and enteral nutrition support therapy and nursing in severely burned patients. Methods： 62 severely burned patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 31 cases for each group. On the base of common eating, the nutritional support by central vein and nursing were given to the patients in the experimental group and parenteral nutrition support by nasal feeding or by mouth nursing were given to the patients in the control group.The time of wound healing and the constitutional index, serum albumin level were observed and compared on the 10 th, 20 th and 30 th day after injury between the two groups.Results： The constitutional index on the 10 th, 20 th and 30 th day after injury were markedly higher than that in control group（all P〈0.05）.The level of seralbumin on the 10 th, 20 th and 30 th day after injury were respectively markedly higher than that in control group（all P〈0.05）.The time of wound healing in experimental group was shorter than that in control group（P=0.013）.Conclusion： The early enteral nutrition support is better than parenteral alimentation support in severely burned patients, who should be given enteral nutrition mainly, and given parenteral alimentation necessarily in necessity.