预防接种损害救济中因果关系的证明——日本仙台某小学生接种疫苗损害救济案的启示

On the Proof of Causality in Vaccination Damage Relief——The Enlightenment of the Vaccination Damage Case of a Pupil in Sendai,Japan

在疫苗预防接种损害责任的认定中,因果关系的证明非常关键。本文首先对日本仙台某小学生接种疫苗损害救济案进行分析,在此基础上提出观点:日本法庭强调预防接种损害中因果关系的证明应与损害救济制度的目的一致;不追求因果关系上自然科学的高度真实性,而是进行法的价值判断;不仅仅依据鉴定小组结论,还会考虑专家证人意见以及法官对基本事实进行法律判断。

The proof of causality is very critical in the cognizance of vaccination damage liability. In this paper, based on the analysis of the vaccination damage case of a pupil in Sendai, Japan, the author presents the following ideas： Japanese courts emphasize the proof of vaccination damage causality should be consistent with the purpose of the damage relief system; the authenticity of the causal relationships of natural science is not the goal, and the goal is value judgment of laws; while making legal judgments, the judges should base their judgments on the facts and the conclusion of appraisal team, and take the expert witnesses＇ opinions into consideration as well.