重塑我国行政复议制度功能定位——以ADR的理念与制度为视角

The Reposition of Function of Administrative Review System in China——From the Perspective of the Idea and the System of ANR

以监督行政机关、化解行政纠纷以及提供行政救济作为设计初衷的行政复议制度,在当前却身处"进退两难"的尴尬处境,其良好的初衷在现实中却难以得到充分表达。而同样以化解纠纷为己任的域外ADR机制,与我国行政复议制度存在相似之处。在合理借鉴ADR机制先进理念与制度设计的基础上,以全新的功能定位唤醒我国行政复议制度的内在活力,使其成为实质化解行政纠纷的主要渠道,在减轻司法负担的同时,为"和谐行政法律秩序"的建构发挥实效。

The original intentions of administrative review system should be recognized as supervising administrative organs, resolving administrative disputes and providing administrative remedy. But in practice this system stresses too much on the nature of ＂administrative＂ and weakens the nature of ＂quasi-judicial＂. The discrepancy between legislation and practice makes the system unbalanced in its function and hard to achieve the goal of resolving administrative disputes substantively. Depending on its concepts and systems in resolving disputes, ADR could reconstruct the function of administrative review system, making it become the main route to resolve administrative disputes, ease the judicial burden and play an important role in the construction of ＂harmonious administrative law order＂ ultimately.