上海市杀人碎尸案24例法医学分析

Forensic Analysis of 24 Dismembered Homicide Cases in Shanghai

目的分析上海市杀人碎尸案件的特点．为法医学鉴定提供参考。方法选取2005--2012年上海市公安局物证鉴定中心已侦破的24例杀人碎尸案件，从被害人基本情况、犯罪嫌疑人基本情况、死亡原因、作案动机、尸块情况、碎尸工具、抛尸情况等方面进行回顾性分析。结果24例杀人碎尸案中，被害人以女性为主（16例），犯罪嫌疑人以男性为主（23人），熟人作案22例。死亡原因主要为机械性窒息和颅脑损伤。作案动机多为情感纠纷。碎尸块数量多在20～30块。碎尸工具均为锐器，其中家用菜刀20例。多为多处、跨区域抛尸，抛尸工具以汽车为主。结论上海市杀人碎尸案件的鉴定中，碎尸块数量多，碎尸手段复杂多样，犯罪嫌疑人职业特征难辨，抛尸距离相对较远．多有交通工具。

ObjecUve To explore the characteristics of the dismembered homicide cases m Shangha and to provide the valuable guidance for forensic pathological practices. Methods Twenty-four cases of dis- membered homicides were selected from 2005 to 2012 in Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau. The general information of the victims and suspects, cause of death, criminal motive, postmortem body parts, tools and information of discarding body parts were retrospectively analyzed. Re- suits Among the 24 dismembered homicide cases, victims were female in 16 cases, and suspects were male in 23 cases and were acquaintances in 22 cases. The main causes of death were mechanical as- phyxia and traumatic brain injury. Most of the criminal motives were emotional disputes. The number of postmortem body parts was commonly from 20 to 30. The tools were mainly sharp instruments, includ- ing kitchen knives used in 20 cases. The postmortem body parts were discarded to different transregional areas, mainly using vehicles. Conclusion The dismembered homicide cases in Shanghai show the follow- ing characteristics： the number of postmortem body parts is in large quantity; the methods of dismem- bered corpse are complex and different; the job characteristics of suspects are difficult to determine; the distance from homicide scene is far and the vehicles are commonly used.