大枣果实与叶片生药学研究

Description and Microscopic Identification of Ziziphus jujuba

目的开展大枣生药学研究,为药材质量控制提供理论依据。方法显微特征采用显微制片观察和扫描电镜观察。结果长椭圆形,表面红褐色,外果皮薄,中果皮棕黄色,肉质柔软,味甜,果核长纺锤形,砖红色;果皮表皮呈念珠状增厚,中果皮较厚,内含草酸钙簇晶、方晶和细小维管束;果皮超显微特征显示表面布满细小似干涸泥床的裂纹;叶片为典型等面叶结构。结论大枣外观性状与内部结构均显示有特殊的生药学特征,可为药材真伪鉴别及其质量控制提供理论依据。

Objective To discuss the description and microscopic identification of Ziziphusjujuba. Methods Medicinal traits and characteristics of the microstructure observation were investigated with microscopic production method and scanning electron microscopy technology. Results Ziziphus jujuba was an oblong fruit with bronzing color. The pannexterna was thin while the sarcocarp was thick with honeyed fleshy pulp. In the center, there was a fusiform jujube pit with brick-red color. The microstructure of peel had bead-like thickness while the thick sarcocarp contained cluster of calcium crystals and vascular bundles.The super microscopic characteristics of peel showed mud-like bed crack. It had typical bifalial leaf structure. Conclusion The results could be used for the description and microscopic identification. At the same time, it could also be useful for the supplement of pharmacognosy material and further exploration of this medicinal materials resources of Ziziphus iuiuba.