20世纪初至20年代中国现代性文论建构

Construction of Modernistic Chinese Literary Theory From Early 1900’s to 1920’s

从现代性社会转型视角回望20世纪初至20年代中国文论建构的历史过程,会发现其间埋没了规定着后来中国文论建构中国特色的重要历史线索,这线索由传统、当时国情和西方思想及文化影响相互作用而形成,并具有巨大的历史延续力量。这段历史过程分为社会转型发动期与社会转型突转期。前一时期文论集中表现为政文一体、文道混乱及文学启蒙三个要点。政文一体出于政治虚幻,文道混乱出于文不及道,文学启蒙则在于疗救式诊断。后一时期文论集中体现为中国特色的批判传统与中国特色的张扬个性。传统批判的情绪性是当时社会理性的社会转型式颠覆,张扬个性则是尚无个性时代对于想象中个性的简单化张扬。

Looking back at the construction of Chinese literary theory from the early 1900＇ s to the 1920＇ s from the perspective of modernistic social transformation, we will find that inbuilt in this historical process is an important historical clue stipulating the Chinese characteristics to construct the forth - coming Chinese literary theory later on. This clue is given birth to as a result of the inter play among tradition, the then national situation, and the effects of the occidental thoughts and culture, and it is provided with a self- extending force. This historical process is made up of two periods; the onset period of, and the abrupt period of, social transformation. In the former, literary theory is intensively characterized with the unity of politic and litera- ture, the chaos of different theories and the enlightenment of literature. Unity, because of political illusions; Chaos, because of the failure of literature to live up to politics ; and the enlightenment of literature, because of the need of a redemptive diagnosis. While in the latter, it is largely embedded in a critique of tradition and a display of individuality with Chinese characteristics. Critique of tradition is a subversion of the then social rationality from the angle of social transformation whereas display of individuality is a simplified one of the imagined individuality during an age not yet with individuality.