长期鼻饲老年患者硅胶胃管在胃内留置安全时间的研究

Explore of safety retention time of silica gel nasogastric feeding tube among elderly patients with long time retention

目的 探讨长期鼻饲的老年患者硅胶胃管在胃内留置的安全时间,确保胃管的安全使用,减少并发症.方法 选取我科住院的老年留置胃管患者60例,按随机数字表法随机分为3组,2周更换组20例,3周更换组20例,4周更换组20例,观察3组患者胃管情况及胃管对鼻黏膜的影响.结果 3组患者胃液pH值和胃管断裂情况比较,差异无统计学意义（x^2分别为2.029,2.765;P ＞0.05）；3组硅胶胃管颜色、反折痕、硬度、弹性指标比较,差异有统计学意义（x^2/F分别为31.667,24.046,12.210,10.364;P＜0.01）；4周更换组患者中鼻咽部充血19例,水肿7例,糜烂8例,发生情况均高于2周更换组及3周更换组患者,差异有统计学意义（x^2分别为27.764,10.565,15.585;P ＜0.01）.结论 长期留置胃管的老年患者,硅胶胃管在胃内留置的安全时间是3周,能减轻患者痛苦,降低并发症发生率.

Objective To investigate the safety retention time of the long-term silicone gel nasogastric feeding tube among elderly patients,so as to ensure the safe of the stomach tube,and reduce related complications.Methods Totals of 60 patients with indwelling stomach tube in the hospital from Jan to Sep,2012,were collected,and randomly divided into A,B,C groups,each group with 20 patients equally.The patients of Group A were with the indwelling stomach tube for two weeks,Group B for three weeks,and Group C for four weeks,then observed the changes of gastric tube and the patient＇s response.Results The tube color,reflexed vestige,hardness and elasticity in Group A,group B were better than that in group C,the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）.And the rate of pharynx nasalis hyperaemia,edema,erosion in Group A,group B were less than that in group C,and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions For the elderly patients with indwelling stomach tube in long term,the safety time should not longer than three weeks,which can relieve the pain of patients,and reduce the incidence of related complications.