大豆组培苗水培生根与培养基生根比较研究

Tap Water Can be Used as Medium for Root Induction and Growth during Tissue Culture of Soybean

以自贡冬豆为试材,采用自来水和固体培养基对大豆组培再生枝进行生根诱导培养,测定了两种培养条件下的生根速率、根数量、根长度及移栽到土壤后植株的成活率,以期为组培苗生根方法的改进提供参考。结果表明:大豆再生枝在自来水培养条件下仅4 d就开始生根,而在固体培养基中则大约需要7 d才开始生根。培养28 d后,自来水中再生枝的生根数为5.26±3.40条.株-1,平均根长为6.29±4.82 cm(n=60);而固体培养基中再生枝的生根数达19.54±11.50条.株-1(n=60),但平均根长仅为1.97±0.82 cm(n=60)。再生植株移栽后,自来水培养再生苗的成活率明显高于固体培养基,两种植株成熟后的结荚数及种子质量没有明显差异。由于再生枝在自来水中培养有助于缩短培养周期,减少污染,提高生根效率,降低培养成本,因此自来水在某些大豆品种的组织培养中可以代替固定的生根培养基。

Root-inducing is the final step for producing regenerated plantlets in the tissue culture of soybean [ Glycine max （ L. ） Merr. ]. Here an easy, efficient root-inducing system for soybean shoots is reported,which is designated as tap-water roo- ting system, in which tap water is （without autoclaving）used to replace the traditional agar-containing medium for root induction and growth. Taking Zigongdongdou as material, the results demonstrated that the tap-water rooting system was good for shorten- ing culture time, overcoming contamination of bacterium and fungus, increasing the rooting efficiency and decreasing the cost of tissue culture as exemplified by faster root inducing and elongating, and higher plantlet survive ratio of the tap-water system than that of agar-containing medium system. Although the amount of total roots from the tap-water system was less than that from agar plates, the plantlets from tap-water system could grow, flower and produce pods and seeds normally and no significant difference were found between the tap-water system and agar system. Hence, it is suggested that the easy rooting system should be used in the tissue culture of more soybean eultivar.