即墨野生大豆主要成分及其营养价值分析

Assessment on Nutritional Compositions and Value of Jimo Wild Soybean

为了考察即墨野生大豆营养价值,对即墨野生大豆和市售栽培大豆的主要营养成分进行了对比分析。结果表明:即墨野生大豆的蛋白质含量40.74%,脂肪含量16.91%,总糖含量11.26%,与栽培大豆无明显差异;与栽培大豆相比,即墨野生大豆含有较多的铁、钙和较少的锌、镁元素;即墨野生大豆脂肪酸种类比栽培大豆少4种,但亚油酸和亚麻酸含量远高于栽培大豆;即墨野生大豆氨基酸总量高于栽培大豆,谷氨酸含量最高,第一限制氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)、生物价(BV)、营养指数(NI)和氨基酸比值系数(SRCAA)分别比栽培大豆高5.41%、5.90%、1.02%和3.71%。即墨野生大豆营养成分全面且均衡,可以作为优质蛋白质原料进行利用。

The objective of the study was to determine the nutritive value of Jimo wild soybean,by comparing the main compo- sitions of Jimo wild soybean with the cultivated soybean. The results showed that the protein content,fat content and total sugar content of Jimo wild soybean were 40.74%, 16.91% and 11.26%, respectively, which were not significantly different from cultivated soybean. Compared with cultivated soybean, Jimo wild soybean contained more iron, calcium and less zinc, magnesi- um elements,less kinds of fatty acids, but much more contents of linoleic acid and linolenic acid. The amounts of total detected eighteen kinds of amino acids in wild soybeans were higher than that in the cultivated soybeans. Essential amino acid index （ EAAI）, biological value （ BV）, nutrient index （NI） and score of ratio coefficient of amino acid （SRCAA） of Jimo wild soybean were 5.41% ,5.90%, 1.02% and 3.71%, respectively, higher than those of the cultivated soybean. The results indicated that Jimo wild soybean was an excellent source of high-quality protein with comprehensive and balanced composition of nutritive substance,which providing the theoretical basis for further exploitation and utilization of Jimo wild soybean.