植物病程相关蛋白PR10研究进展

Advances on Class 10 Pathogenesis-related Proteins

植物病程蛋白是植物受生物或非生物胁迫后诱导产生并积累的一类蛋白质总称,是植物防卫体系的重要组成部分。近年来,根据它们的结构、亲源关系和生物活性,PR蛋白主要分为17个功能家族。PR10蛋白是具有核酸酶相似结构,一般为分子量15～19 kDa的酸性蛋白。近年来相关研究表明,一些PR10蛋白具有核酸酶活性和体外抗菌功能,在植物防御反应中发挥重要作用,具有较为广泛的应用前景。为此,就PR10蛋白的基因结构、表达模式、核酸酶活性、抗病机制、在转基因方面应用等方面的最新研究进展并结合本实验室工作进行综述,为其在植物抗性育种方面的应用提供参考。

Pathogenesis-related（PR）proteins were originally discovered to accumulate in plants that were infected by patho- gens, but were later found to accumulate in plants in response to a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. PR proteins were the most crucial component of plant defense responses. Currently, PR proteins have been classified into 17 families on the basis of structural differences, serological relationships and biological activity. PR10 proteins are typically described as small, acidic, in- tracellular proteins of 15-19 kDa. Many PR10 proteins including CaPR10, LaPR10, SPE16, AhPR10, pea PR10.1, and maize ZmPR10 exhibit ribonuclease activity. The RNase activity of PR10 proteins suggests a potential role in defenses against patho- genic infections. Some studies showed PR10 proteins played important roles in plant defense system, having widespread applied prospect. The genetic structures of PR10s, expression patterns, ribonuclease activities, resistance mechanism and the application in transgenic plants were reviewed to provide a basis for disease resistant breeding.