晚清外交与近代国家主权观念的认知

Late Qing Dynasty Diplomacy and the Cognition of the Sense of State Sovereignty in Modern Times

鸦片战争之前,晚清政府根本没有国家主权观念,之后,随着国际公法的传播逐渐产生了国家主权观念,并学会运用国际法在中外交涉中维护国家主权,虽成效不大,但至少证明近代中国开始转变传统观念与世界接轨,在近代化的道路上又迈出了一步。基于此,从近代国家主权观念的认知、对国际法的运用及评价三个方面展开论述,以期更清晰地了解中国的外交近代化进程。

Before the Opium War,the late Qing Dynasty has no sense of state sovereignty at all.Afterwards,with the spread of international law,the late Qing Dynasty gradually develops the sense of state sovereignty and learns to resort to international law to defend state sovereignty in international negotiation.Little as the real effect is,it demonstrates that China in the modern times starts to convert the traditional concept to connect with the world,stepping forward to the road of modernization.Therefore,this paper discusses from aspects of the cognition of the sense of state sovereignty in the modern times,application of international law and evaluation in order to clearly understand China＇s diplomatic modernizing process.