衢州市柯城区农村居民高血压流行现状及危险因素分析

Epidemiological Status and Risk Factors of Hypertension in Rural Residents in Kecheng District of Quzhou City

目的了解衢州市柯城区农村居民高血压的流行现状,为今后农村高血压预防控制工作重点的确定提供科学依据。方法选取柯城区2个乡为试点,每个乡随机抽取6个村,共抽取6 523位居民作为研究对象,采取入户调查和集中调查相结合的方式,获得健康状况资料,建立详细的健康档案。所有数据录入Excel电子表格,用SPSS 13.0统计软件对获得的数据进行分析。结果衢州市柯城区农村居民血压平均水平为(130.4±4.5)/(83.6±2.6)mmHg,男性收缩压和舒张压平均水平均高于女性;高血压粗患病率为19.48%,标化患病率为22.50%,其中1、2、3级高血压患病率分别为11.80%、5.56%和2.12%;男性高血压粗患病率为22.62%,女性粗患病率为16.49%,男性高于女性,男、女高血压患病率均随着年龄的增高而升高;高血压多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高血压患病的主要危险因素为高龄、高体重指数、高腰臀比值、高甘油三酯、高血压家族史、饮酒量;蔬菜高摄入量为高血压的保护因素。结论衢州市柯城区农村居民高血压患病率高于全国平均患病率水平,预防控制肥胖,改变饮食习惯和行为生活方式是高血压防治的重点。

Objective To understand the present situation of hypertension in rural residents in Kecheng district of Quzhou city,and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of hypertension in rural areas of China.Methods Two towns were selected from the Kecheng district of Quzhou city as pilot areas,from which six villages were chose at random.A total of 6 523 rural residents were enrolled as subjects.Door survey and centralized survey were combined to obtain the data of health status of residents and establish the health archive.All the data were input into Excel and analyzed by using SPSS 13.0 statistics software.Results The average level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure of rural residents in Kecheng district of Quzhou city was（130.4±4.5）/（83.6±2.6）mmHg.The average level of men’s systolic and diastolic blood pressure was higher than that of women’s.The crude prevalence rate of hypertension,was 19.48% and the standardized prevalence rate 22.50%.The prevalence rates of stage 1,2 and 3 hypertension were 11.80%,5.56% and 2.12% respectively.The prevalence rate of hypertension was 22.62% in male and 16.49% in female and it was increased with age.The multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for hypertension included old age,high body mass index,high waist hip ratio,high triglycerides,family history of hypertension and drinking.High vegetable consumption was a protection factor for hypertension.Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension in rural residents in Kecheng district of Quzhou city was slightly higher than the national average level.Controlling obesity and changing dietary habits and life-style pattern are the key to prevention and control of hypertension in rural residents of China.