论《儒林外史》中王惠人生“权变术”三部曲

On Wang Hui's Trilogy of Life of "Contingency" in The Scholar

《儒林外史》中的王惠,是八股科举制度下英年得势、官居高位而横征暴敛、心狠手辣、残害百姓的典型人物,也是把权变术运用得最得心应手的典型代表。他在中举人再中进士、任南昌知府再升南赣道的辉煌道路上,尽情地表演了耍弄人生"权变术"的三部曲。他是八股科举制度选拔的败类,是贪婪成性、无德无行的恶官。从三个方面进行探究,以揭示封建社会末期科举制度自身不可调解的矛盾和怪谬:一、由"高傲"向"低下"的权变;二、由"能员"向投降的权变;三、由出逃到"隐居"的权变。

Wang Hui, a typical character of self aggrandizement or self--enrichment in the imperial examination system, was heartless and cruel to common people, and also was very handy playing politics. He showed the trilogy playing a trick on life ＂ contingency operation＂ on brilliant road from Juren to J inshi, to the magistrate of Nanchang, and to l）aotai （a official title）. He was a scum selected by the stereotype imperial examination system, and a covetous and wicked officer with lower morals. This paper revealed the contradiction and strange paradox of the imperial examination system itself at the end of feudal society. We found enlightenment from the subversion of Wang Hui＇s big wisdom. The paper discussed from three aspects： First, the contingency from ＂ proud＂ to ＂ low＂; Second, the contingency from ＂ enabler＂ to surren der; Third, the contingency from escape to ＂ privacy＂.