急性上呼吸道感染患者血常规中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞变化的年龄和性别差异分析

The Age And Gender Differences of Neutrophiles And Lymphocytes In Patients With Acute Up-respiratory Infection

目的探讨急性上呼吸道感染患者血常规中中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞变化的年龄差异和性别差异及其临床意义。方法291例呼吸道感染患者和219例正常志愿者，分为六个年龄组，采用VCS法检测患者外周血中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞的变化状态；采用流式细胞标记法检测外周血CD4’、CD8’T细胞亚群的比例变化和TNFOt分泌能力，并分析性别和年龄差异。结果急性呼吸道感染患者外周血中中性粒细胞计数和比例均明显升高，中性粒细胞比例升高l～2倍是白细胞升高的主要原因，淋巴细胞比例明显下降。该类患者血常规中中性粒细胞随着增龄而升高，增幅也随之升高；而淋巴细胞随着增龄而明显降低。女性在更年期血常规中中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的变化明显低于男性和其他组患者（P〈0．05）。另外，随着淋巴细胞比例降低，CD4／CD8随着年龄的增长而显著升高，分泌TNFOt能力在30~40岁组明显高于其他年龄组。结论衰老和激素水平可以影响上呼吸道感染患者血常规中中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的水平，这一结果可为临床病情判断及针对不同人群采用不同防治方案提供重要依据。

Objective To approach the age differences and the gender differences of blood routine examination among patients with acute respiratory infection, and the significance of these differences. Methods 291 patients with acute respiratory nfection and 219 healthy person, for six age groups, use VCS method to test the routine blood, use the flow cytome- try to test the change of the CD4＊,CD8＋T cells and the secreting of TNF, analysis of the gender and age dif- ferences. Results The number and the ratio of neutrophiles in patients with acute respiratory infection rise clearly. The neutrophiles rise 1 ~ 2 times higher is the mian reason of the wbc rise. The number of lymphocytes reduce. The neutrophiles and its growing rate of the patients increased with increasing of the age, but the lymphocytes reduce. The females variation rate of neutrophiles and lymphocytes are less than male and other groups of the patients when they are in menopause（40 - 50years old）. In addition, with the reduce of lymphocytes CD4/CD8 increase along with the increase of the age. The secret- ing of TNF is apparently higher than other groups. Conclusion Aging and hormone levels can affect neutrophiles and lym- phocytes in patients with acute up-respiratory infection which can provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and the offering of different treatments for different people.