海南省典型水库浮游植物功能类群的结构特征与水质评价

Structure of phytoplankton functional groups and water quality assessment of main reservoirs in Hainan Province

为了解海南省主要供水水库浮游植物群落结构特征,于2006年12月、2007年5月、2011年8月和12月对海南省五座典型水库进行浮游植物采样调查。共检测出浮游植物158种,以绿藻、蓝藻和硅藻为主;共鉴定出26个不同的功能类群,其中优势功能类群有7个,分别是以硅藻为代表种的C和P;以蓝藻为主要代表种的S1和K;以绿藻为主要代表种的J和F;以及以甲藻为主要代表种类的Lo。适应混合水体环境的功能类群有P、S1和F,适应较高营养水平水体环境的功能类群有K、J和C,以及大中型水体中广泛分布的功能类群Lo。浮游植物功能类群结构组成具有明显的季节性,在枯水期浮游植物主要以C、P和S1功能类群为优势。浮游植物功能类群Q指数指出赤田水库和松涛水库丰水期为贫营养状态,枯水期为中营养状态;石碌水库全年均处于中营养状态;永庄水库和万宁水库是丰水期为富营养状态,枯水期为中营养状态。

To understand the community structure of phytoplankton in the reservoirs in Hainan Province, five typical reservoirs were sampled in December of 2006, May of 2007, August of 2011 and December of 2011. One hundred and fifty eight taxa of phytoplankton were identified and most of them belonged to BaciUariophyta, Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta. Twenty six phytoplankton functional groups were classed and the dominant functional groups were C, J, F, P, K, Lo and S1. The main representative species were Bacillariophyta for functional groups C and P, Cyanobacteria for K and S1, Chlorophyta for J and F, and flagellate for Lo. The function groups P, S1 and F adapted well to mixing water; K, J and C frequently occurred in mesotrophic water bodies; Lo distributed mainly in the deep and large water such as Songtao, Shilu and Wanning reservoirs. Structure of phytoplankton functional groups showed seasonal difference. The dominant functional groups were C, P and S1 in the dry season. The Q index indicated that Chitian Reservoir and Songtao Reservoir were oligtrophic in the flooding season and mesotropic in the dry season. Shilu Reservoir was mesotrophic water. While Yongzhuang Reservoir and Wanning Reservoir were eutrophic in the flooding season and mesotrophic in the dry season.