日照市2005-2012年初二学生常见病患病率及其变化趋势

Prevalence and Trends of Common Diseases among Second Grade Junior High School Students in Rizhao in 2005-2012

目的了解初二学生的常见病患病状况及其变化趋势。方法于2005-2012年连续八年对辖区内在校学生进行健康体检,对体检结果进行统计分析。结果 2005-2012年初二学生不同年度视力不良率、双眼视力差异率、龋齿率、肥胖率的差异有统计学意义,视力不良率呈先上升后下降趋势,同一年度间视力不良率女生均高于男生(P<0.05);女生的双眼视力差异率下降不明显,除2006-2009年差异率没有统计学意义外,其余学年双眼视力差异率女生均高于男生(P<0.05)。龋齿率呈上升趋势,除2005年男女生差别没有统计学意义外,其余年度均为女生高于男生;肥胖率呈上升趋势,除2005年男女生差别没有统计学意义外,其余年度均为男生高于女生(P<0.05)。结论家庭、学校、政府相关部门应结合该校最近几年学生的患病情况及发展趋势,针对性地提出健康干预措施并加强健康教育。通过各种途径增强学生注重身体素质的意识,以帮助学生提高健康水平。

Objective To discuss the prevalence and trends of common diseases among second grade junior high school - students. Methods Health examinations were performed on junior high schools students in Rizhao for eight consecutive years （2005 -2012）. The physical examination data were analyzed statistically. Results Significant difference was found annually in poor vision rate, difference in binocular vision, dental caries and obesity from 2005 to 2012, while the poor vision rate increased and then decreased, which was higher in girls than in beys（P 〈0.05）. Difference in binocular vi- sion showed no obvious decline in girls, except that significant difference was not found between girls and boys in 2006 - 2009, girls had a higher rate of difference in binocular vision than boys in the remaining years. The rate of dental caries was on the rise, except that there was no significant difference between girls and boys in 2005, girls had a higher rate than boys in the remaining years. The rate of obesity was on the rise, except that there was no significant difference be- tween girls and boys in 2005, boys had a higher rate than girls in the remaining years （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Consid- ering the prevalence and trends of common diseases among junior high school students in recent years, families, schools and relevant government departments should develop health promotion strategies and strengthen health education, try all possible means to increase students＇ awareness of health and to improve their health.