松香基氨基甲酸酯季铵盐衍生物的合成及其表面活性研究

Synthesis and Surface Active Properties of Rosin-based Carbamate Group-containing Quaternary Ammonium Salt Derivatives

在溴化锂/乙二醇协同催化作用下,由松香基环氧化物与CO2反应合成了松香基环碳酸酯,将其与二甲氨基丙胺反应制得松香基氨基甲酸酯,并通过季铵化反应得到3种含氨基甲酸酯链段的季铵盐衍生物。采用IR、1H NMR及13C NMR等方法对产物化学结构进行了表征。研究了此类季铵盐衍生物的表面张力、乳化力、泡沫性能等,测定了产物的临界胶束浓度。研究表明,3种季铵盐衍生物均具有较强的乳化性能和发泡能力,水溶液的临界胶束浓度分别为1.86×10-5、1.29×10-5、4.07×10-6mol/L,相应临界胶束浓度下的表面张力分别为33.5、32.2、29.4 mN/m,且随着烷基支链长度的增加,表面活性增强。

A novel rosin-based carbamate （R-Ca） was prepared by the reaction of N, N-dimethylaminopropylamine with rosin- based cyclic carbonate （R-C） which was prepared by treatment of carbon dioxide with rosin-based epoxides （R-E）, using LiBr in conjunction with ethylene glycol as catalyst. Three rosin-based quaternary ammonium salt derivatives （R-Q） were synthesized from the carbamate via quaterisation reaction. The chemical structures of all new compounds were characterized by FF-IR, IH NMR and ~3C NMR. Surface tension, emulsifying ability and the foaming power of the quaternary ammonium salt derivatives were investigated and the critical micelle concentrations（CMC） were determined. The results showed that three quaternary ammonium salt derivatives with strong emulsifying ability and foaming ability; the CMC of the quaternary ammonium salt deriva- tives＇ aqueous solutions were 1.86×10^-5、1.29×10^-5、4.07×10^-6 mol/L, respectively; the surface tensions at CMC were 33.5, 32.2 and 29.4 mN/m, respectively; and the surface activities increased with the growth of alkyl chain.