产前短程应用糖皮质激素对早产儿脑室周围白质软化形成的干预作用

Influence of Dexamethasone therapy on periventricular leukomalacia of preterm infants

目的探讨产前短程应用糖皮质激素对早产儿脑室周围白质软化(PVL)形成的干预作用。方法选择我院NICU 2008-01—2011-10收治的28～34周早产儿86例,按母亲产前是否应用地塞米松分为对照组、干预组。对照组母亲产前未用地塞米松;干预组母亲于产前短疗程肌内注射或静滴地塞米松,10mg/d,连用3d。采用头颅超声诊断技术早期诊断早产儿PVL,PVL级别分为非囊性PVL和囊性PVL,采用SPSS 11.0软件进行统计学分析。结果对照组诊断早产儿PVL21例,其中非囊性PVL 13例,囊性PVL 8例,总发生率48.84%;干预组诊断早产儿PVL 10例,其中非囊性PVL 6例,囊性PVL 4例,总发生率23.26%;干预组与对照组PVL总发生率、非囊性PVL发生率及囊性PVL发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论产前短程应用糖皮质激素对早产儿脑室周围白质软化有良好的干预作用。

Objective To study the intervention effectiveness of Dexamethasone therapy on periventricular leukomalacia of preterm infants.Methods Eingty-six preterm infants were retrospectively studied during the last 4years,who were born in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University.Eingty-six individuals were randomly divided into treatment group（43cases） and control group（43cases）respectively.In treatment group,a tenatal course of dexamethasone was used（10mg/d,3days）.While in control group,there was no tenatal course of dexamethasone.The skill of head ultrasound was used to make an early diagnosis for preterm infants with periventricular leukomalacia（PVL）.Results Twenty-one cases in control group were diagnosed with PVL including 13cases with non-cystic PVL and 8cases with cystic PVL.The total incidence rate was 48.84%（21/43）.While 10cases were diagnosed in tratment group with PVL including 6cases with non-cystic PVL and 4cases with cystic PVL.The total incidence rate was 23.26%（10/43）.Incidence rate in both non cystic PVL and cystic PVL in treatment group was relatively lower than that in control group（P0.01）.Conclusion Tenatal course of dexamethasone produces a lower risk of PVL in preterm infants