矿产资源约束条件下矿业可持续发展路径探析

Study on Mining Industry Sustainable Development Path under Mineral Resource Constraint Conditions

人类社会生产发展的本质是转化物质资源形态的过程,矿产资源作为重要的物质资源基础,其开发利用可持续性对实现整个社会可持续发展的战略目标起决定性作用。我国矿产资源的相对不足和前些年的高强度消费以及过度开发,导致矿产资源的保障形式日益严峻。通过分析矿产资源特征和我国矿产资源勘探开采现状,指出我国矿业的发展面临资源短缺和需求增加的矛盾,突破资源约束的瓶颈不能完全采用市场机制或者价格管制的手段。在当前实现矿业可持续发展的路径:一要建立储备,逐步渐进缩小实际价格和均衡价格差距;二是推动技术创新,克服资源短缺瓶颈;三要加大管理创新,保障矿产资源的节约集约利用。

The essence of human society product development is a material resource form conversion process. The mineral resource as a major material resource basis, its sustainability of exploitation and utilization plays a decisive role in the strategic objective of the whole society sustainable development realization. The relative insufficient of mineral resources in the country, high intensity consumption and over exploitation in previous years have caused an increasingly grim situation of mineral resource security. After analyzed characteristics, exploration and exploitation status quo of mineral resom＇ces in the country, pointed out facing conflict between the shortage of resources and increase in demand of mining development in the country, to break the bottleneck of resource constraints can not completely rely on the means of market mechanism or price regulation. At present, paths to realize mining sustainable development have： firstly, to build up reserves, gradually narrowing the gap between effective price and equilibrium price; secondly, to promote technical innovation, overcome the bottleneck of resource shortage; thirdly, to strengthen management innovation, ensure economical and intensive utilization of mineral resources.