铅酸电池模型及参数辨识研究

Research on equivalent model and its parameters identification of lead-acid batteries

随着电动车技术的发展,铅酸电池得到了更广泛的应用。电池模型是研究动力电池充放电特性的重要工具,合理的电池模型能够仿真电池的充放电过程,通过系统辨识方法,电池模型参数还能够实时反映电池的性能状态。本文选用了二阶RC等效电路模型对在动态应力测试(DST)试验规程条件下的电池充放电行为进行仿真,采用含遗传因子的递推最小二乘算法(FFRLS)对模型参数进行辨识,并通过端电压比较法对辨识结果进行验证。结果表明:二阶RC等效电路模型参数可以提供较为精确的充放电过程仿真,模型参数辨识结果可提供包括内阻和电池开路电压等参数的估计,从而有助于反映电池的性能状态。

： With the development of electric vehicles, the lead-acid batteries have been found in more applications. The equivalent battery model is an important tool to study the charge-discharge characteristics. While simulating the operating process, the identified model parameters can reflect the state of the batteries. In this paper, the 2nd order RC equivalent battery model has been chosen to simulate the battery behavior in the experimental process of dynamic stress test （DST）. The forgetting factor recursive least square algorithm （FFRLS） has been adopted to identify the parameters of battery model. Terminal voltages comparison indicates that the model can provide the precise simulation in real time. In addition, the identified parameters include the internal resistance and open circuit voltage, which could be used to reflect the state of the batteries.