卡拉白鱼养殖池塘水质分析和浮游生物组成

Analysis of Water Quality and Community Composition of Plankton from Cultivating Ponds of Chalcalburnus chalcoides Aralensis

2009年6月至9月,对卡拉白鱼养殖池塘的水质,浮游生物种类、数量和生物量进行了研究。结果表明：池水pH为9.01,盐度0.19%,碱度9.72 mmol/L,硬度9.99 mmol/L,化学耗氧量（COD）14.99 mg/L,总氮1.13 mg/L,总磷0.26 mg/L。水型为C1Mg水质,属于高pH、高碱水体。浮游植物5门10个种属中,蓝藻门（Cyanophyta）有4个种属,占40.07%,其中以铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）为优势种;绿藻门（Chlorophyta）和硅藻门（Bacillariophyta）出现2个种属,分别占33.50%和22.55%,绿藻门以新月藻（Closteriumsp.）为主,其他2门2个种属共占4.35%。浮游植物数量变化范围为631.2×10^4-1 091.4×10^4ind/L,生物量变化范围为26.124~41.325mg/L。浮游动物9个种属中,原生动物（Protozoa）仅1个种属,占16.27%;轮虫（Rotipera）有3个种属,占45.55%;枝角类（Cladocere）3个种属,占22.99%;桡足类（Copepoda）有2个种属,占15.18%。浮游动物数量变化范围175-264 ind/L,生物量13.15-19.44mg/L。浮游植物数量在6月份较高,7月逐渐下降,9月份较低;浮游动物群体6月至9月份变化不明显。水质和浮游植物指示物表明池水为重富营养化水体,生物量范围属于肥水高产鱼塘。

Species composition and population density of plankton from cultivating ponds of Chalcalburnus chalcoides Aralensis,and water chemical parameters were studied from June to September of 2009.The results showed that the concentration of salinity was 0.19%,ALK： 9.72 mmol/L,DK： 9.99 mmol/L and pH 9.01.The concentration of COD was 14.99 mg/L.The total nitrugen was 1.13 mg/L and the total phosphate was 0.26 mg/L.The water tape was C1Mg.The water quality was both of high pH and high ALK.Ten phytoplankton species from 4 phyluna were found,in which Cyanophyta were 40.07% and Microcystis aeruginosa was found to be dominant,at the same time,both 2 species from Chlorophyt and Bacillariophyta were found,about 33.5% and 22.5%,respectively.Closterium sp.was found to be dominant in Chlorophyt community.Moreover,there were 2 species of other phylum including Trachelomonas and Cryptomonas,accounting for 4.35%.The abundance of phytoplankton was found to range from 631.2×104—1 091.4×104 ind/L,and biomass range from 26.124—41.325 mg/L.There were 10 species of zooplankton,in which 3 genuses belonged to Rotipera,and the proportion was 33.3%.The three species of clodocera were 22.99%,only 1 species of protoza was about 16.27%,and 2 species from Copepoda were found to be 45.55%.The abundance of zooplankton was found to range from 175—264 ind/L,and biomass range from 13.15—19.44 mg/L.The abundance of phytoplankton in June was larger than that in other months,and decreased in July,the abundance was at the lowest levels in September.There was no significant difference for the community changes of Zooplankton from mid July to mid September.The data of water chemical parameters and the dynamics of phytoplankton showed that the cultivating pond was eutrophication.The biomass abundance was of high nutrition and high yield.