磁力矩器用磁性材料力学性能研究

Mechanical properties of magnetic materials for magnetic torquer

为确定用于磁力矩器的铁镍合金、铁钴合金和铁铝合金3种磁性材料的力学性能,对它们进行了力学拉伸试验,发现材料塑性不同会对试件断裂位置产生一定影响,主要表现为塑性材料在设计薄弱部位断裂,而脆性材料在夹持应力集中位置断裂。根据这一结果,对拉伸试验进行有限元模拟分析,计算结果表明导致断裂位置差异的原因主要是设计薄弱部位的长度以及试件夹持部位出现应力集中。依据有限元计算结果,对试件进行了改进设计并重新模拟计算,结果显示,改进后的3种合金材料试件在拉伸试验中其断裂部位均出现在设计薄弱部位。铁钴合金试件改进后的拉伸试验也充分验证了模拟计算的准确性。由此给出了3种材料合理的力学性能参数。

A tension test is used to investigate the mechanical properties of three magnetic materials for the magnetic torque,namely,ferronickel,ferro-cobalt,and ferro-aluminium.Because the three materials have different plasticities,their fractures should appear in different positions in the specimens,which are the weak positions,while for brittle materials,damages appear at the clip positions of the stress concentration.A finite element analysis shows that the length of the weak part and the stress concentration at the clip part determine the fracture position in the tension test.Thus,an improvement of the design is suggested with another round of simulation analysis.It is shown that for the improved specimens of three materials under the same conditions,the fractures all occur at their weak part,and are less affected by the stress concentration.The reasonable mechanical properties of these three materials can thus be obtained.