论《古今词统》的词史建构

Discussion on the Construction of the history of Ci in Word History of Ancient and Present Orthodox

明季词人卓人月和徐士俊共同选编的《古今词统》与陈耀文《花草粹编》、沈际飞《草堂诗馀四集》等共同代表着明代词选的水平与特色。该选本努力超越流行数百年的《草堂诗馀》的范围与手眼,并试图建立一种大一统的词史统序,即合古、今为一体,而着意强调今词即明词的地位;合婉约、豪放为一体,意在打破嘉靖以后贬抑豪放独尊婉约的倾向;合词史百汇于一体,既开拓了选源也丰富了词史。这是对《草堂诗馀》系列选本长期垄断词坛的反拨与重构,对清初词坛亦有重要影响。

Ancient and Present Orthodox created by ZHUO Ren-yue and XU Shi-jun from Ming dynasty, Flowers and Grass created by CHEN Yao-wen, Four Series Poems in Thatched Cottage created by SHEN Ji-fei and so on represent the levels and characteristics of Ci collection in Ming Dynasty. This selection strived to exceed the scope and artifice of Poems in Thatched Cottage which had been popular for hundreds of years and tried to build a unified interconnected system of the history of Ci, which meant regarding the ancient and present as a whole and emphasizing the position of Ming Ci. Putting graceful style and uninhabited style together was intended to break the tendency that grace was preferred to uninhabited after the period of Jiajing. Regard- ing all kinds of history of Ci as a whole both rich the source of selection and the history of Ci. This was the backwash and reconstruction to the Poems in Thatched Cottage which had monopolized the entire Ci literature for a long-term, which meant a lot to Ci in Qing Dynasty.