20种观赏丛生竹的抗寒性测定

The Determination of Frost Resistance of 20 Kinds of Ornamental Cluster Bamboo

选取湖南省森林植物园观赏竹园中经多年观测,在自然条件下生长良好的19种观赏丛生竹及抗寒性较差的撑篙竹作对比,以其离体叶片为试材,用电导法测定其抗寒性.结果表明:20种观赏丛生竹种的抗寒性存在显著差异;其抗寒性强弱为慈竹>长沙青皮竹>孝顺竹>小琴丝竹>金丝慈竹>观音竹>银丝竹>凤尾竹>麻竹>花眉竹>粉单竹>青丝黄竹>鼓节竹>坭竹>花慈竹>花竹>大眼竹>绵竹>信宜石竹>撑篙竹,这与大田自然生长观测研究结果一致.-9℃低温胁迫时,19种丛生观赏竹测试都没有出现半致死量,说明所选丛生竹在-9℃时可以生长,或经低温冻害后,翌春能恢复生长.长沙冬季低温常年仅为(-2--4)℃,极端最低温-9.5℃,因此,所筛选的19种观赏丛生竹均可以在长沙及湖南其余的大部分地区栽培.本研究为观赏丛生竹的选择应用提供科学依据.

Selecting 20 kinds of ornamental cluster bamboo to test its frost resistance with the conductance method, which is growth well in Hunan Forest Botanical Garden for years of observation, with its vitro blade as test materials. The results show that the 20 kinds of ornamental cluster bamboos present notable differences. The frost resistance size is： Neosinocalamus affinis〉Bambusa textilis var.persistens 〉 Bambusa multiplex〉 Bambusa multiplex f.alphonso-karri〉 Neosinocalamus affinis f. viridiflavus〉 Bambusa multiplex var.riviereorum〉 Bambusa multiplex f.silverstripe〉 Bambusa multiplex f.fernleaf 〉 Dendrocalamus latiflorus〉 Bambusa longispiculata〉 Lingnania chungii〉 Bambusa eutuldoides var. viridi-vittata〉 Bambusa uldoides f.swolleninternode〉 Bambusa gibba〉 Neosinocalamus aJ^nis f.Striatus 〉 Bambusa albo-lineata〉 Bambusa eutuldoides 〉 L ingnania intermedia〉 Bambusa subtruncata〉Bambusa pervariabilis. With low temperature stress-9 ℃, the death rate of all the 19 kinds of bamboo is less than 50%, or they can be recover growth in the next spring after freeze injury. It means that these bamboo can be growth above the temperature -9 ℃. In Changsha, the winter temperature was （-2-4） ℃ and the extreme temperature is -9.5 ℃. Therefore the 19 kinds of selected ornamental cluster bamboo can be grow in Changsha and most of other areas of Hunan.The research provides scientific basis for the application and selection of ornamental cluster bamboo.