林业行政强制立法与《行政强制法》的吻合度分析

A Method of Keeping Consistency between the Legislation of Forestry Administrative Coercive and the Administrative Coercive Law

林业行政强制制度是我国行政强制法律制度体系的重要组成部分,直接关系到依法治林及林农合法权益保护。我国的林业法律、行政法规和部门规章在木材运输管理、植物检疫和植物新品种保护等三个领域创设了16项林业行政强制行为。通过对林业行政强制立法的实证分析和理论分析得知,除由规章设定的"通知品种权人缴纳滞纳金"这一行政强制执行方式以外,我国的15项林业行政强制立法与《行政强制法》的规定相吻合。《森林法实施条例》对《森林法》中"有权制止"这一"暧昧的制定法"解释为"暂扣木材",是一种合理的行政解释裁量,应予尊重;而综观《森林法》的全部规定可以发现,森林公安机关可以成为"暂扣木材"这一行政强制措施的适格实施主体,这一发现得到了法律实践的验证。

The forestry administrative coercive is an important part of Chinese legal system of administrative coercive which is related to the forest management according to law and legal protection to forestry farmers. According to the existing forestry legislation, there are sixteen kinds of specific forestry administrative coercive act in the fields of timber transport, plant quarantine and the new plant variety management. It proves by theoretical and empirical methods that the forestry administrative coercive legislation is consistent with the administrative coercive law except for the administrative enforcement measure of surcharge payment which is set by the forestry department regulations. It should be respected as a reasonable administrative discretion that the Implementing Regulations of Forest Law interprets the clause of The Right to Stop in the Forest Law as Temporary Seizure of Wood. And also, according to the forest law and the legal practice, the forestry public security organ should be interpreted as the proper legal body for implementing the administrative coercive measure of seizure of wood.