论近代日本人对上海的认识及相关研究

On Modern Japanese View of Shanghai and the Relevant Studies

自1862年"千岁丸"号幕末遣清团首度访沪以来,近代以来的日本人对于上海的认识,一方面强调其不洁、犯罪、诱拐等魔都形象;另一方面又对其摩登时尚充满期待和眷恋。这看似充满矛盾,但却统一于他们观察中国的"东洋主义"态度,即像萨义德所谓"东方主义"一样,从既有的文本阅读和相应的意识形态诉求出发,关注的不是上海的现实而是日本对上海及其当代命运的表述,并逐渐将这一态度与日本军国主义结合起来。徐青的《近代日本人对上海的认识(1862—1945)》就在时间维度上,以在日本发行的报刊杂志、纪实报道、旅行指南、小学生作文、电影歌曲及影星轶闻等国内难得一见的资料,纵横交错地梳爬了"近代日本人上海认识"的多重吊诡。结合其他相关著述,在对此作出评述的基础上,描述了矛盾的上海形象塑造背后的悖论。

Since the first visit of 'Chitose Maru' to Shanghai,modern Japanese on one hand stressed Shanghai ’s uncleanness,crimes and kidnap,on the other hand they were fascinated with its fashionable life.The seemingly contradictory two attitudes both manifest their Toyoism,which,like Said’s Orientalism,is based on the existing reading of the texts and its corresponding ideological demands,and is concerned with the Japanese narrative of Shanghai instead of the real Shanghai.And it is gradually combined with Japanese militarism.Xu Qing’s Modern Japanese View of Shanghai(1862-1945) is an analysis of the multiple paradox of the topic through a study of such rare materials as Japanese newspapers and periodicals,on-the-spot reports,tourist guides,pupil compositions,film songs and anecdotes of film stars.This article reviews the existing scholarship and reveals the paradox in the contradictory imagination of Shanghai.