广东典型低效生态公益林植物群落结构及物种多样性

The Community Structure and Species Diversity of Low-benefit Ecological Service Forests in Guangdong

基于广东省典型低效生态公益林林分类型——马尾松纯林、杉木纯林及针阔混交林群落的样方调查,分别对其物种组成、区系成分、植被结构特征、物种丰富度和多样性进行了研究。结果表明:在18个调查样方中,共记录到维管束植物58科92属149种,热带亚热带区系特征明显;几种典型低效生态公益林群落垂直结构都相对简单,均尚处于植被演替的较早期阶段;物种丰富度指数为32～66,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值为0.61～3.15,Simpson优势度指数值为0.26～0.89,以及均匀度指数值为0.15～0.89。文章初步探讨了影响生态公益林植物多样性的主要因素和提高不同类型低效生态公益林植物多样性的途径。

The community structure and species diversity of low-benefit ecological service forests, including pure and mixed forests of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata in Guangdong, respectively, were stud- ied by the plot survey method. The results showed that 149 species belonging to 58 families and 92 genera were re- corded in the 18 plots, with obvious tropical and subtropical floristic features; The vertical structure of four forest communities were relatively simple and were still in the early stages of vegetation succession. The Patrick index var- ied from 32 to 66, whilst Shannon-Wiener index varied from 0.61 to 3.15, values of between 0.26 and 0.89 were observed Simpson index, while the Pielou index were between 0.15 and 0.89. Furthermore, the major factors in- fluencing the ecological service forest and different measures to improve species diversity of ecological service forest were also discussed.