《伊犁兵要地理》研究

The Study on Yili Military Geography

牛时著《伊犁兵要地理》是民国年间唯一出版的伊犁地方史志,也是民国新疆第一部"兵要地理"。《伊犁兵要地理》的内容涉及清末民初伊犁政治、军事、社会、经济及对俄交涉等多个方面,内有许多不为其他文献所载的重要史料。《伊犁兵要地理》在伊犁地方志著作史上的特殊地位,使其正好可补文献、档案之不足,在西北边疆史、新疆近代史及军事史、中俄关系史研究及伊犁地方志研究中具有重要的史料价值。同时,《伊犁兵要地理》也反映了作者要求增设县治、移民实边、兵制改革、加强界务、防范俄国等治边理念。

In the period of the Republic of China, Niu Shi＇s Yili Military Geography was the only published chorography of Yili, and was the first military geography of Xinjiang. Yih Military Geography involved some situations about Yili＇s politics, military, society, economy and China-Russia relations in late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China. In the book there were some important historical materials which did not record in other literatures. Because of its special status in the history of Yili chorography, it just supplemented literatures and archives in history study. So Yili Military Geography has important value in the studies such as China northwest borderland history, modern Xinjiang history, Xinjiang military history, China-Russia relations history, and the Yili chorography writing. Furthermore, Yili Military Geography reflected the author＇s some ideas of borderland administering, such as adding counties, migrating people to borderland, reforming the military system, precautioning Russia and so on.