刍议中国国家考试法的现实缺位与立法对策——以全国硕士研究生入学考试为中心展开

On the Absence of Reality in China's Examination Act and the Legislative Counterplan——A case study around China's National Postgraduates Entrance Examination

自1978年国家恢复研究生教育制度以来,全国硕士研究生入学考试在选拔高层次人才和分配高等教育资源方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。至2013年全国硕士研究生入学考试报考考生已达180万人,面对目前该国家级考试的组织、实施等各个环节存在诸多问题,散见于现行法律法规中相关规定已经无法进行有效规范,中国亟需制定一部系统性规范国家考试的"法律位阶"较高的国家考试法。

Since the recovery of the national postgraduate education system in 1978, China＇s National Postgraduates Entrance Examination has been playing a significant role in selecting high-level talents and allocating higher education resources. By 2013, the number of the registered examinees for the National Postgraduates Entrance Examination has reached 1.8 million. With the regard of the prob lems in the organization and implementation of the national examinations and the fact that the existing relevant provisions fail to regulate the examinations effectively, the paper argues that it is urgent for law-makers in China to establish a higher legal-level examination act to systematically standardize the national examinations.