明清时期汉水中游城镇体系的等级结构与空间结构——以襄阳府为例

Study of the Hierarchical and Spatial Structure of the Middle Han River Urban System in Ming and Qing Dynasties : Based on Xiangyang Prefecture

城镇等级体系是指在一定地域范围内大、中、小不同规模的城镇集聚点,其形成和发展是历史的动态过程,反映在地域城镇群规模组合上存在着一定的等级规模结构特征。明清时期汉水中游的襄阳府已经形成了"府城-县(州)城-集镇"三级城镇体系,其城镇经济发展的突出表现是附属或独立于治所城市的集镇发展。考虑到数据资料的可收集性,所以特意选取汉水中游的襄阳府作为研究对象,用以描述该地域城镇等级结构及其空间结构特征,进而归纳明清时期影响汉水中游城镇发展的诸种要素。

Urban hierarchy system refers to the agglomerating point of towns in large, medium or small scale in a certain geographical area. Its formation and development is a dynamic process of history, which is reflected on a certain hierarchical structural feature existing in the scale formation of the regional urban groups. Xiangyang prefecture has formed a three-level urban system, namely, ＂Prefectural City - County （state） - Town＂ in Han River＇s middle reaches in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The outstanding performance of its urban economic development lies in the urban development subordinate or independent of its capital. Taking the possibility of data collecting into account, this article specially selects Xiangyang prefecture in the middle reaches of Han River as an example, describing the hierarchical structure and its spatial structural features in this area, summing up the influential elements of the urban development in Han River＇s middle reaches in Ming and Qing Dynasties.