插因存在情况下近因的判断与近因原则的运用——对暴雨条件下保险车辆发动机进水损失保险索赔争议案件的思考

Judgment of Proximate Cause and Application of Proximate Cause Principle in the Existence of Inserted Cause —Reflection on Insurance Claim Dispute over Engine Damage Caused by Water Infiltration of Insured Motor Vehicle in Rainstorm

本文认为现行车损险条款中保险车辆发动机进水损失这一除外责任并不构成对近因原则适用范围的限制,但又不认同把暴雨这个初始原因视为保险车辆发动机进水损失的必然的或唯一的近因的简单化做法,而是主张从当时的实际情况出发分析和判断暴雨条件下导致保险车辆发动机进水损失的近因,并提出了在插因存在的条件下近因判断与保险人赔偿责任认定的方法。鉴于证据对于近因判断和责任归属的重要性,本文还探讨了暴雨条件下保险车辆发动机进水损失保险索赔争议案件举证责任的分配、举证内容和法院在证据收集中应当承担的责任。

This article upheld the point of view that the exclusion clause about engine damage caused by water infiltration in current motor vehicle insurance terms didn＇ t constitute a limitation of the scope of application of proximate cause principle, nor did the paper agree with the simplified practice which took rainstorm as the inevitable or sole proximate cause of engine damage of insured motor vehicle. This paper, however, argued that we should analyze the proximate cause of damage from the actual situation of each case, and put forward the method of proximate cause judgment and responsibility confirmation with the existence of inserted cause. Due to the importance of the evidence in deciding the proximate cause and the responsibility,the article also discussed the allocation of burden of proof, content of proof and responsibility of the court in evidence collection in the case of dispute over the engine damage of insured motor vehicle under the condition of rainstorm.