用于植物修复的转基因植物研究进展

Advances in Transgenic Plants for Phytoremediation

植物修复是一种绿色、可持续的、有广阔应用前景的解决环境污染问题的技术。植物修复技术是指利用植物吸收、降解、挥发、过滤和固定等作用,净化土壤、水体、废弃物和空气中的无机和有机污染物的环境修复技术。植物修复概念的提出源于研究者发现某些特殊的植物具有修复污染环境的能力。随后,开始采用育种和人工选择技术,对生长较快、生物量大且较容易遗传转化的植物进行改良,以提高它们在清除环境污染物中的作用。经过学者多年的努力,很多实验室已经获得了用于植物修复的转基因植物,但是成果还远未能达到商业化水平。对用于植物修复的转基因植物研究进展情况进行综述。

Phytoremediation,which is a green,sustainable and promising solution to problems of environmental contamination,defines the use of plants for uptake,sequestration,detoxification or volatilization of inorganic and organic contaminants from polluted soils,water,sediments and air.Phytoremediation was coined from the discovery that some plant species displayed the extraordinary ability in accumulating high quantities of toxic metals.This was shortly followed by the application of breeding techniques and artificial selection to genetically improve the remediation efficiency of some plant species,which give a high biomass,be easy to be transformed,and grow fast.Now,after years of research,transgenic plants for phytoremediation have been produced in laboratory,but none have reached commercial existence.This review aims to give main advances in the field of transgenic plants for phytoremediation.