孑遗落叶阔叶树种微地形空间分异格局及共存机制研究概述

Micro-topographic spatial differentiation pattern and coexistence mechanism of relict deciduous broadleaved trees:A review

漫长历史时期的气候条件对生物多样性的现代分布格局产生了深远影响,分析以孑遗植物为优势种群落的分布格局、种群更新类型与适应策略,可揭示气候变化下孑遗植物的残存机制。本文以孑遗植物的群落生态学研究为视角,在综述孑遗落叶阔叶树种的定义、分布与生境特征、种间关系、种群更新与群落维持、植物性状与生境响应的基础上,提出在区域孑遗植物多样性研究中,应从微地形-植被关系入手,应用微地形单元的分类体系与手法,以微地形单元上斑块状植物群落为对象,分析其生境特征、种群结构、群落动态以及植物性状,揭示微地形梯度孑遗植物群落的分异格局,阐明区域内多种孑遗落叶阔叶树种的共存机制;结合植物群落谱系结构分析,进一步阐明孑遗植物群落的残存机制,有助于丰富我国亚热带山地植物多样性研究及保护生态学理论。

Climatic conditions in a long history have far-reaching effects on the modern distribution pattern of biodiversity, while analyzing the distribution pattern, regeneration type, and adaptation strategy of relict species-dominated populations can reveal their remnant mechanism under climate change. From the perspective of relict species community ecology, this paper reviewed the connotation of relict deciduous broad-leaved tree species, their distribution and habitat characteristics, inter-species relationship, population regeneration and community maintenance, plant traits, and functional response. It was proposed that in the studies on the diversity of regional relict species, it should start with the relationships between micro-landform and vegetation, and then, analyze the habitat characteristics, population structure, community dynamics, and plant traits of relict species communities at micro-topographic scale, reveal the spatial differentiation pattern among micro-landforms and the coexistence mechanism of many relict deciduous broad-leaved tree species in local area, and elucidate the remnant mechanism of relict species communities by the analysis of community phylogenetic structure, which would enrich the researches on the biodiversity of subtropical mountainous areas and the theory of protection ecology in China.