浙江省磐安县钩端螺旋体病暴发后监测分析

Surveillance of Leptospira after leptospirosis outbreak in Pan’an county, Zhejiang

目的了解钩端螺旋体(钩体)病暴发后人群和宿主动物钩体菌群分布和变动情况,为其预防提供科学依据。方法采集患者静脉血,利用显微镜凝集试验,对临床确诊患者和宿主动物血清进行抗体测定。采集鼠、蛙、猪、鸭肾脏和牛中段尿,进行病原体分离培养,并用显微镜凝集试验鉴定菌株。结果磐安县2009-2012年共报告5例钩体病例;共检测40份鸭血清,阳性8份,其中56601群钩体抗体6份,56608群2份;共检测439只鼠形动物,分离到14株钩体,均为56601群;共检测鸭肾80份、青蛙肾390份、猪肾244份、牛中段尿160份,未检出阳性。结论磐安县宿主动物中钩体广泛存在,并可能发生疫源地流行菌株变化,要加强监测。

Objective To analyze the distribution and variation of Leptospira in humans and host animals after leptospirosis outbreak and to provide a scientific basis for prevention of leptospirosis. Methods Sera of clinically diagnosed patients and host animals were collected and examined by microscopic agglutination test （MAT）. The kidney samples of rodent, frog, pig, and teal as well as the midstream urine samples of cattle were collected; pathogens were isolated from the samples and then cultured, and the strains were identified by MAT. Results Five cases of leptospirosis were reported in Pan’an county from 2009 to 2012. A total of 40 duck sera were examined, and 8 were positive for antibodies against Leptospira, including 6 cases for antibody against strain 56601 and 2 cases for antibody against strain 56608. A total of 439 small mammals were examined, and 14 strains of Leptospira, all of which were strain 56601, were isolated. No Leptospira was detected in the kidney samples collected from 80 duck, 390 frog, 244 pig, and 160 cattle midstream urine samples. Conclusion Leptospira is prevalent in host animals in Pan’an county, and the epidemic strains in foci may change. Surveillance should be enhanced to prevent leptospirosis.