油菜根肿病病原主要生理小种和品种抗病性鉴定

Identification of physiological races of club root and resistance of rape cultivars to Plasmodiophora brassicae

采用Williams法对采自国内油菜主产区的19个油菜根肿病菌进行生理小种鉴定。结果表明,我国甘蓝型油菜根肿病病原至少存在2号、4号和13号等3个生理小种类型,其中4号小种存在的范围最广泛。湖北省枝江市、当阳市,安徽省黄山市歙县,云南省玉溪等4县(市),四川省绵阳等5县(市)共16个采样点的根肿病病原为4号生理小种;安徽省黄山市休宁县齐云山镇2个采集地点为13号生理小种;仅安徽省黄山市休宁县商山镇的病原为2号生理小种。分别在枝江、黄山根肿病重发病区对52个油菜品种进行抗性研究,结果表明,赣两优三号、蓉油9号、浙双6号、华油杂12号、中油5628、扬油8号、宁油12号、浙油28、中双10号、沣油520等10个油菜品种在枝江对4号生理小种表现抗病;成油杂6号、德68-12、滁杂优3号3个杂交种在黄山对13号生理小种表现出抗病。它们可作为当地根肿病病区主栽品种及育种材料使用。

Williams system was used to identify main physiological races of Plasmodiophora brassicae,the pathogen of oilseed rape（Brassica napus L.） clubroot from 19 main disease regions.Results indicated that at least 3 races（as Race 2,4 and 13） existed in China.Race 4 was dominant in 16 locations,including Zhijiang and Dangyang of Hubei Province,She County of Anhui Province,4 counties of Yunnan Province,5 counties of Sichuan Province.Race 13 and 2 were distributed in Qiyunshan Town and Shangshan Town of Anhui Province,respectively.Resistance of 52 oilseed cultivars to clubroot was evaluated under field conditions in Zhijiang and Huangshan.Results showed 10 cultivars（as Ganliangyou 3,Rongyou 9,Zheshuang 6,Huayouza 12,Zhongyou 5628,Yangyou 8,Ningyou 12,Zheyou 28,Zhongshuang 10 and Fengyou 520） were resistant to Race 4 in Zhijiang,and 3 hybrid cultivars（as Chengyouza 6,De 68-12 and Chuzayou 3） were resistant to Race 13 in Huangshan.These cultivars were recommended as predominant cultivars and breeding materials in clubroot infected regions.