移植与再生:新加坡华人民间信仰的仪式建构

Transplantation and Regeneration:On the Ritual Construction of Chinese Folk Religion in Singapore

自华南迁移南来新加坡的中国移民几乎均与"移神"相伴。这些跨境南来的中国祖籍神明,不仅带来了中华传统民间信仰文化,还将其诸多仪式传统移植而来,并延续至今。然而,必须指出的是,由于受到新加坡本土社会环境,以及中新两地关系等多种因素变化的影响,在力图传承中国祖籍地庙宇宗教仪式的同时,移植南来的中华传统民间信仰仪式亦不得不自发或自觉地进行各种适应性自我调适以求生存与发展,并进而演化出若干与祖籍地庙宇情形不尽相同的文化形态。换言之,当代新加坡华人民间信仰仪式形态并非中国祖籍地的简单移植,而是在新加坡本土社会变迁中经历着一个传承与变异共存的再生与重构过程。

The historical experience of the immigrant era shows that, almost all Singapore Chinese that immigrants mi- grated from southern China accompanied by ＂move of God＂. These gods coming from ancestral home, not only brought the tra- ditional Chinese folk beliefs, but also transplanted many ritual traditions, and continues to this day. Due to the impact of the local social environment of Singapore, as well as in the new two places relationships of China and Singapore changes, the tradi- tional Chinese folk religion and ritual transplanting from China also had the various adaptive self-adapt in order to survive and develop, which in turn evolved into several different ancestral home temples ritual form. In other words, the contemporary Chi- nese folk religion of the ritual is not Chinese origin of traditional form simple transplantation, but since Singapore social change through an inheritance and variation of symbiotic regeneration and reconstruction process.