高速公路关键地段路面径流污染特征研究

Characterization of Highway Runoff Pollution

在对湖南省长潭西高速公路关键地段(学士收费站和服务区加油站)降雨径流水质进行监测的基础上,分析了高速公路路面径流污染物特征,探讨了各污染物的初期冲刷效应和各污染因子间的相关性。结果表明,收费站路面径流样品中的COD和SS平均浓度分别为70 585 mg/L,而服务区加油站样品的COD和SS平均浓度分别为120 357 mg/L。受汇水面积差异的影响,收费站处的径流污染物未发生初期冲刷现象,而加油站的径流污染物均产生初期冲刷效应,以COD最为明显,20%的径流量携带的COD含量接近50%。2个地段的各污染物之间相关性处于显著水平以上,SS与其他污染物的相关系数均大于0.7。

Road runoff samples during a rainfall were collected at two typical sites （a toll gate and a gas station） of the Changsha-Xiangtan Freeway, and were analyzed to determine contamination level of pollutants including COD, SS, TN, TP, pH and heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd . Phenomena of the first flush effects （FFE） were studied for the different sites focusing on the co-relation between FFE and the pollutants. Findings of the study were that FFE differed at two sites depending on the area of catchment related; there were significant linear relations among the pollutant parameters in the runoff water, and in particular, correlation coefficient between SS and other parameters was greater than 0.7.