庐山不同海拔森林土壤中重金属含量分析

Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soil of Forests of Mt. Lushan at Different Altitudes

为阐明庐山森林土壤重金属含量及沿海拔梯度的分布特征,在庐山的南、北坡按200 m的高差分别选择6个和5个不同海拔采样点,分层（0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~30 cm）采集土样,测定了土壤Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb含量以及土壤基本理化性质。结果表明：对照我国土壤环境质量一级标准,庐山表层土壤Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd含量普遍超标,且北坡污染程度比南坡更重,其综合污染指数最高达2.54。随着海拔高度的增加,南坡Cu、Pb和Zn污染程度加重,而北坡未表现出这一变化规律。土壤重金属在剖面上的垂直分布是随着土层深度的增加而递减,证实了土壤重金属的污染主要来源于外部,而非成土母质。

Mt. Lushan as a famed mountain and state natural reserve was investigated about heavy metal contamination of its forest soil of the south and north slopes at various altitudes with the interval of 200 m. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb contained in the soil samples were detected and soil physical and chemical properties were tested. Result of the survey showed top soil of these areas had been polluted by heavy metals exceeding the relevant regulatory standard, and the north slope was more serious in pollution than the south with the maximum value of pollution index being 2.54. The fact that vertical distribution of heavy metal concentrations in soil profiles--decreased with the soil depth, indicated that heavy metals causing soil pollution primarily had come outside other than being the parental material.