中国服务业增长的制度因素分析——基于拓展索洛模型的跨地区、跨行业实证研究

Effects of Institutional Factors on the Growth of China’s Service Industry:A Cross Regions and Sub-industries Empirical Research Based on Extended Solow Model

服务业具有典型的制度密集型特征,本文基于中国市场化改革的制度背景,实证检验了政府支配经济资源的比重、非国有经济的发育程度、知识产权保护水平、城市化进程以及行业竞争程度等五个制度指标对1990—2010年全国28个省市服务业和新旧两种行业分类标准下各细分服务行业增长的影响。结果表明,政府主导的资源配置结构构成国内服务业增长的阻碍;非国有经济发展和城市化进程形成对服务产品的有效需求显著促进了国内服务业的增长;高质量的知识产权保护体系和充分的市场竞争有利于国内服务业的快速增长,而糟糕的产权保护和市场竞争环境则产生显著的负效应。

The service industry is characterized by its institution-intensive feature. Based on the institutional background of the reform of China＇s market system, this research has em- pirically tested different impacts of 5 institutional indicators, including the proportion of government＇s disposing of economic resources, the development of non-state economies, the quality of intellectual property protection, the process of urbanization and the intensity of market competition in main service sub-industries, on the development of service sectors in 28 provinces and main sub-industries classified by 2 different Industry Classification Standards during 1990--2010. Empirical results show that, the growth of domestic service industries is significantly promoted by the development of non-state economies, urbanization process, high-quality intellectual property protection and sufficient market competition, meanwhile, which is obstructed by current resource allocation structure dominated by government, poor institutional environment and inefficient market structure.